1. That is not the default terrain editor you are looking at. That is the terrain editor for that particular map you are working with.
I am going to make it easy for you.
Here is a map called : “NewMap” .It has all the stock goods and industries. Unzip it in your UserMaps folder.
With an XML editor, or a plain text editor open the RRT_Scenario_User_NewMap.XML file and the end of the file replace the map name in these two lines with the name of your old map.
<szMapFileName>map_NewMap.tga</szMapFileName>
<szMapThumbnail>map_NewMap_thumbnail.dds</szMapThumbnail>
As long as you keep the old map in the folder, this will work.
Some of points 2, 3, and 4, can be done.
I have to know if you are familiar with XML editing, but you can not just go into an other map and lift an industry.
As for adding snow to the trees one of our members (Rodea and Lowell) did it. We are just copying and editing the graphics that they created.
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An please read this from the FAQ
How do I add new goods to my map?
Basic rule of adding a good to the your map.
1.Add the good to RRT_Goods_Mapname.XML (If it is a SAM map the filename is: RRT_Goods.XML
2.Add the traincar to haul the good to RRT_Traincar_Mapname.XML
3.Add an industry to produce the good to RRT_Industries_Mapname.XML
4.Add an industry to receive the good to RRT_Industries_Mapname.XML, or modify the cities in RRT_Cities_Mapname.XML
5.If there are only stock (Firaxis) industries you don't have to worry about the Annexes for the field (Oil, Grain) industries. But if it has custom industries, you will need an RRT_Depots_Mapname_XML , with ALL THE USED stock depots, including mail and passengers.